Federal Income Tax Calculator
Estimate your 2026 federal income tax liability in seconds. Support for multiple filing statuses, deductions, credits, and capital gains. Get an accurate picture of your estimated tax bill before filing.
How to Use the Tax Calculator
Our tax calculator takes just minutes to use and provides a reliable estimate of your federal income tax. Follow these steps:
- Enter Your Income: Input your total gross income for the year, including all wages, salaries, interest, and dividends. If you have long-term capital gains, add those separately.
- Select Your Filing Status: Choose the appropriate filing status. This determines your tax brackets and standard deduction amount. If married, decide whether to file jointly or separately.
- Choose Your Deduction Method: Decide between the standard deduction (fixed amount based on filing status) or itemized deductions (actual deductible expenses). Most people benefit from the standard deduction.
- Add Tax Credits: Enter the number of dependent children under 17 and any student loan interest paid. These reduce your tax dollar-for-dollar.
- Calculate Your Tax: Click the Calculate Tax button. The calculator instantly shows your estimated tax liability and effective tax rate.
- Review Your Breakdown: Click "Show Breakdown" to see exactly how your tax was calculated, including which tax brackets applied and what credits were applied.
Understanding Federal Income Tax
Progressive Tax Brackets
The US uses progressive tax brackets, meaning different portions of your income are taxed at different rates. You don't jump to the highest bracket—only income falling within each bracket is taxed at that rate.
Standard vs. Itemized
The standard deduction is a fixed deduction available to all. Itemized deductions require tracking expenses like mortgage interest and charitable donations. Use whichever is larger.
Tax Credits vs. Deductions
Deductions reduce your taxable income, while credits directly reduce your tax bill. A $1,000 credit saves you more than a $1,000 deduction. Credits are more valuable.
Effective Tax Rate
Your effective tax rate is your total tax divided by your gross income. Even though top brackets are 37%, most people's effective rates are 10-20% due to the progressive system.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is this calculator accurate?
This calculator provides a solid estimate for straightforward tax situations. However, tax law is complex. Your actual tax liability may differ based on circumstances not covered here. Always consult a tax professional for complex situations or before making major financial decisions.
Does the calculator include state taxes?
No, this calculator covers federal income tax only. State and local taxes vary significantly by location. Some states have no income tax, while others tax heavily. Add your state/local tax estimates separately.
When should I use this calculator?
Use this calculator to: estimate your tax before filing, plan for quarterly estimated payments if self-employed, see how major life changes (marriage, children, large bonuses) affect your tax, or make estimated tax withholding adjustments with your employer.
What about alternative minimum tax (AMT)?
This calculator doesn't calculate AMT, which applies to high-income earners with significant deductions or credits. AMT is complex and requires professional guidance if you think you might be affected.
How does marriage affect my taxes?
Marriage significantly impacts your taxes through filing status. Married filing jointly usually results in lower taxes than single filers, but each situation differs. Use this calculator to compare filing statuses.
Can I get a refund?
If your withholding exceeds your actual tax liability, you'll receive a refund. This calculator shows your liability; compare it to your withholding (from pay stubs) to estimate refunds. If you owe, you may need to make a payment.
What if I owe more than I can pay?
The IRS offers payment plans and installment agreements if you can't pay your full tax bill immediately. Contact the IRS or work with a tax professional to set up a payment arrangement.
How often are tax brackets updated?
Tax brackets are adjusted annually for inflation. This 2026 calculator reflects the current projected brackets. Tax laws can change, so always verify current rates before filing.